Winter running is a challenge: You can't just leave your home when it's 25 degrees outside with wind and start jogging. Temperatures in the 30s and below tend to lock up your body and turn your extremities into icicles, causing stiff joints and tightened muscles, so cold weather running requires special preparation. That way, you can perform well, prevent injuries, and actually enjoy it.
Read on for tips so you don't freeze your ass off when it's brick outside.
Quick note: At a certain point, however, it's actually too cold to run. A month ago, it was zero degrees with wind chill here in Denver and people ran a race in the snow. I recommend against that for legitimate health reasons, like hypothermia, frostbite on exposed areas, and increased chance of heart attack (if you're at risk).
1. Do a Thorough Warm-Up Inside
If you usually rush through a quick, five-minute warm up before going outside, make it 15 minutes. Spend extra time to really loosen your muscles and joints and raise your body temperature to a light sweat. That way, when you step into the cold, it won't feel as bad, and your muscles won't get so tight.
If you have to warm up outside, wear an extra, easy-to-peel layer like a light hoodie, which you can tie around your waist later.
2. Keep Your Head and Hands Warm
While it's false you lose the most heat through your head, it's still a damn good idea to keep your head warm in the cold. Wear a thick beanie or earmuffs, which you can also easily stuff in your pockets if you get hot.
Also, wear gloves. I have no idea how people can run without gloves when it's below freezing. Even with gloves, your fingers eventually get stiff and numb.
3. Wear Base Layer
Base layer is perfect for any cold weather run because it keeps you as warm as a thick coat (but less cumbersome) while wicking away moisture. Wear a base layer top and bottom, and from there add extra layers based on temperature.
4. Underdress by a Few Degrees
You should dress for warmth, but you shouldn't dress like you're climbing Mount Everest. As you run, your body temperature increases—wear too much, and it'll get mad hot.
Instead, underdress slightly: If it's 25 outside, dress like it's 45. (Adjusting by 20 degrees is a good rule of thumb.) Once you start running, you'll heat up to compensate. Unless it's windy. In that case, bundle up appropriately, or say "screw it" and stay inside with a cup of tea.
5. Stay Aerobic
Your heart beats faster when it's cold, which intensifies any outdoor run. So, unless you're training for a specific event, cold weather isn't really the best time to channel your inner Usain Bolt.
Prevent extra stress on your body by staying in your aerobic zone (130 to 150 bpm). It will feel slower than what you're used to, but you will still get the same benefits. Use it to improve your conditioning, maintain your running muscles, and simply enjoy the outdoors with friends or in solitude.
6. Wear Shoes with Traction
Ideally, run on a path that's clear of snow and ice. If you're running on snow, however, wear shoes with great traction and protection, and wear warm, comfortable socks that keep your feet dry. Also, stay focused—the path will likely have slippery areas.
7. Stay Hydrated
You might not sweat much when it's 10 degrees, but hydration is still important. Drink liquids before, during, and after a run.
8. Finish Fast
Minimize the distance from the end of your run to a warm place. Your body temperature will drop quickly after you finish, so prepare in advance. If you can finish your run at your front door, perfect; if you have to drive back home, have a thick jacket and hot beverage waiting for you in the car.
Finally, keep your run between 30 to 60 minutes. Highly experienced runners can do slightly more, but after 90 minutes, you risk compromising your immune system. (Not to mention, spending that much time in the cold just sucks.)
Anthony J. Yeung, CSCS, is a fitness expert and founder of groombuilder.com.
